Main professional training is often supplemented by individual specialist courses. Volunteer crews pursue civilian occupations and the training must be completed during the off-peak times or in other free periods. Another criterion on fire department training classes covers various certifications and quality management. This is necessary to allow individual members the same functions based on equal education. In times of limited financial resources, it is also necessary to organize the training as effectively as possible.
Euro emergency 112 has prevailed more or less in the context of EU states. The emergency number was also introduced in new member states. A firefighting organization can be formed by the community, a private company working on behalf of a municipality or a branch of service of the military. Structures of these establishments differ depending on population structure and density.
The ancient Egyptians were the first to organize firefighting units. During the Middle Ages, municipalities were obliged to establish fire related entities. The fire-fighting equipment was limited in pre-industrial times to simple tools such as buckets, ladders and pikes. In the 17th century, the hose was invented, which was first made of stitched leather; later, the leather was riveted. Until the beginning of 20th century, hand pumps were still used on fire engines, they were pulled by horses or firefighters.
With the onset of industrialization, technology provision increased significantly. Internal combustion engine powered vehicles were now used in all departments. The laws of each state govern the duties of these establishments. Slogans like save, recover and protect are commonplace. The brigades provide assistance in places where there are fires, accidents, floods and similar emergency events. Their ultimate task involves helping people, animals and property by rescuing, protecting and recovering. However, the rescuing of people has the highest priority.
Equipment is used to protect against hazards associated with the service. In most cases, this consists of a protective suit, a helmet, gloves and safety shoes. In addition to communication systems such as the BOS radio systems and techniques for alerting the firefighters. It is also common for rescue dogs to form part of brigades. They are mainly used in disaster situations, such as earthquakes to assist in the search for missing persons.
Fire needs air, if the steam flushes all the air, it can no longer burn. However, replacement of all air by steam present a burn hazard to stakeholders as well as potential victims, since water vapor transports more heat than air at the same temperature. It can be burn in steam at 100 degrees Celsius over a saucepan of boiling water, so that you can put your hand in an oven at 270 degrees Celsius without burning if you do not touch the walls. This volume is the maximum volume that it should never reach.
In the case of diffusion of a flame, the limiting factor is the supply of oxygen (assuming that fuel is abundant). The flame itself provides heat and hence choking steam is the most important. Conversely, with smoke, the fuel and oxidizer are already mixed and steam does not hunt the oxidant but simply dilute the mixture. Temperature is a critical factor when it comes to the spread of premixed flames, cooling makes it possible to significantly reduce the fire's magnitude, thus a cooling and dilution combination is necessary.
Fire protection receives more attention in industrialized nations, whether through their own private entities or public departments. In addition, these organizations are frequently consulted as part of official building permit approvals involving larger construction projects. Furthermore, they are involved in various disciplines in the creation of safety standards. In addition, the brigades operate active environmental protection, such as the containment of oil spills, eliminating traces of oil on roads and protection against chemical, biological and nuclear hazards.
Euro emergency 112 has prevailed more or less in the context of EU states. The emergency number was also introduced in new member states. A firefighting organization can be formed by the community, a private company working on behalf of a municipality or a branch of service of the military. Structures of these establishments differ depending on population structure and density.
The ancient Egyptians were the first to organize firefighting units. During the Middle Ages, municipalities were obliged to establish fire related entities. The fire-fighting equipment was limited in pre-industrial times to simple tools such as buckets, ladders and pikes. In the 17th century, the hose was invented, which was first made of stitched leather; later, the leather was riveted. Until the beginning of 20th century, hand pumps were still used on fire engines, they were pulled by horses or firefighters.
With the onset of industrialization, technology provision increased significantly. Internal combustion engine powered vehicles were now used in all departments. The laws of each state govern the duties of these establishments. Slogans like save, recover and protect are commonplace. The brigades provide assistance in places where there are fires, accidents, floods and similar emergency events. Their ultimate task involves helping people, animals and property by rescuing, protecting and recovering. However, the rescuing of people has the highest priority.
Equipment is used to protect against hazards associated with the service. In most cases, this consists of a protective suit, a helmet, gloves and safety shoes. In addition to communication systems such as the BOS radio systems and techniques for alerting the firefighters. It is also common for rescue dogs to form part of brigades. They are mainly used in disaster situations, such as earthquakes to assist in the search for missing persons.
Fire needs air, if the steam flushes all the air, it can no longer burn. However, replacement of all air by steam present a burn hazard to stakeholders as well as potential victims, since water vapor transports more heat than air at the same temperature. It can be burn in steam at 100 degrees Celsius over a saucepan of boiling water, so that you can put your hand in an oven at 270 degrees Celsius without burning if you do not touch the walls. This volume is the maximum volume that it should never reach.
In the case of diffusion of a flame, the limiting factor is the supply of oxygen (assuming that fuel is abundant). The flame itself provides heat and hence choking steam is the most important. Conversely, with smoke, the fuel and oxidizer are already mixed and steam does not hunt the oxidant but simply dilute the mixture. Temperature is a critical factor when it comes to the spread of premixed flames, cooling makes it possible to significantly reduce the fire's magnitude, thus a cooling and dilution combination is necessary.
Fire protection receives more attention in industrialized nations, whether through their own private entities or public departments. In addition, these organizations are frequently consulted as part of official building permit approvals involving larger construction projects. Furthermore, they are involved in various disciplines in the creation of safety standards. In addition, the brigades operate active environmental protection, such as the containment of oil spills, eliminating traces of oil on roads and protection against chemical, biological and nuclear hazards.
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